Several vulnerabilities have been discovered in the Linux kernel that may lead to a privilege escalation, denial of service or have other impacts. CVE-2016-5696 Yue Cao, Zhiyun Qian, Zhongjie Wang, Tuan Dao, and Srikanth V. Krishnamurthy of the University of California, Riverside; and Lisa M. Marvel of the United States Army Research Laboratory discovered that Linux"s implementation of the TCP Challenge ACK feature results in a side channel that can be used to find TCP connections between specific IP addresses, and to inject messages into those connections. Where a service is made available through TCP, this may allow remote attackers to impersonate another connected user to the server or to impersonate the server to another connected user. In case the service uses a protocol with message authentication , this vulnerability only allows denial of service . An attack takes tens of seconds, so short-lived TCP connections are also unlikely to be vulnerable. This may be mitigated by increasing the rate limit for TCP Challenge ACKs so that it is never exceeded: sysctl net.ipv4.tcp_challenge_ack_limit=1000000000 CVE-2016-6136 Pengfei Wang discovered that the audit subsystem has a "double-fetch" or "TOCTTOU" bug in its handling of special characters in the name of an executable. Where audit logging of execve is enabled, this allows a local user to generate misleading log messages. CVE-2016-6480 Pengfei Wang discovered that the aacraid driver for Adaptec RAID controllers has a "double-fetch" or "TOCTTOU" bug in its validation of "FIB" messages passed through the ioctl system call. This has no practical security impact in current Debian releases. CVE-2016-6828 Marco Grassi reported a "use-after-free" bug in the TCP implementation, which can be triggered by local users. The security impact is unclear, but might include denial of service or privilege escalation.